Glosario de Privacy Sandbox

Los artículos y la documentación de Privacy Sandbox suponen un conocimiento de los conceptos de privacidad, publicidad y desarrollo web. En este glosario, se explican los términos clave relacionados con Privacy Sandbox.

Subasta de anuncios (API de Protected Audience)

In the Protected Audience API, an ad auction is run by a seller (likely to be an SSP or maybe the publisher itself), in JavaScript code in the browser on the user's device, to sell ad space on a site that displays ads.

Creatividad del anuncio

Ad creative refers to the contents of the ad served to users. Creatives can be images, videos, audio, and other formats. Creatives live within an ad space, and are served by ad tech within line items.

Ad Exchange

Un intercambio de anuncios es una plataforma para automatizar la compra y venta del inventario de anuncios de varias redes de publicidad.

Inventario de anuncios, espacio publicitario

Los espacios de inventario de anuncios son los espacios para anuncios que están disponibles en un sitio que vende espacios publicitarios.

Plataforma de anuncios (tecnología publicitaria)

An ad platform is a company that provides services to deliver ads.

Advertiser

Un anunciante es una empresa que paga para anunciar sus productos.

Contabilidad de informes agregables

A distributed ledger, located in both coordinators, that tracks the allocated privacy budget and enforces the 'No Duplicates' rule. This is the privacy preserving mechanism, located and run within coordinators, that ensures no reports pass through the Aggregation Service beyond the allocated privacy budget.

Read more on how batching strategies relate to aggregatable reports.

Presupuesto de la contabilidad de informes agregables

References to the budget that ensures individual reports are not processed more than once.

Informes agregables

Aggregatable reports are encrypted reports sent from individual user devices. These reports contain data about cross-site user behavior and conversions. Conversions (sometimes called attribution trigger events) and associated metrics are defined by the advertiser or ad tech. Each report is encrypted to prevent various parties from accessing the underlying data.

Learn more about aggregatable reports.

Servicio de agregación

An ad tech-operated service that processes aggregatable reports to create a summary report.

Read more about the Aggregation Service backstory in our explainer and the full terms list.

Llamador de la API

An API caller is an entity, such as an app, a third-party SDK, or a website, that makes a request to the Topics API to access a user's interests.

Certificación

Es un mecanismo para autenticar la identidad del software, por lo general, con hashes criptográficos o firmas. En el caso de la propuesta de servicio de agregación, la certificación coincide con el código que se ejecuta en tu servicio de agregación operado por la tecnología publicitaria con el código de código abierto.

Obtén más información sobre la certificación.

Atribución

La atribución se refiere a la identificación de las acciones del usuario que contribuyen a un resultado.

Por ejemplo, una correlación de los clics en el anuncio o las vistas con las conversiones.

Blink

Blink es el motor de procesamiento que usa Chrome, desarrollado como parte del proyecto de Chromium.

Comprador

A buyer is a party bidding for ad space in an ad auction, likely to be a DSP, or maybe the advertiser itself. Ad space buyers own and manage interest groups.

Publishers make ad inventory available through marketplaces called ad exchanges, and buyers compete in real time through a DSP for the opportunity to place their advertisement.

Learn about ad space buyers in the Protected Audience API.

Chromium

Chromium es un proyecto de navegador web de código abierto. Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Opera y otros navegadores se basan en Chromium.

Conversión posclic (CTC)

A click-through conversion is a conversion attributed to an ad that was clicked.

Tasa de clics (CTR)

The click-through rate is the ratio of users who click on an ad, having seen it.

See also impression.

Vinculación de contribuciones

Aggregatable reports may contain an arbitrary number of counter increments. For example, a report may contain a count of products that a user has viewed on an advertiser's site. The sum of increments in all aggregatable reports related to a single source event must not exceed a given limit, such as L1=2^16 (65,536).

Learn more in the aggregatable reports explainer.

Conversión

A conversion is the completion of some desired goal following action by a user.

For example, a conversion may occur with the purchase of a product or sign-up for a newsletter after clicking an ad that links to the advertiser's site.

Cookie

Una cookie es un pequeño fragmento de datos textuales que los sitios web pueden almacenar en el navegador de un usuario. Un sitio web puede usar las cookies para guardar información asociada con un usuario (o una referencia a los datos almacenados en los servidores de backend del sitio web) a medida que el usuario se mueve por la Web.

Por ejemplo, una tienda en línea puede retener detalles del carrito de compras incluso si el usuario no accedió, o el sitio podría registrar la actividad de navegación del usuario en su sitio. Consulta Cookies propias y Cookies de terceros.

Coordinador

Son las entidades responsables de la administración de claves y la contabilización de informes agregables. Un coordinador mantiene una lista de valores hash de las configuraciones de servicios de agregación aprobadas y configura el acceso a las claves de desencriptación.

Datos generales

Los datos generales son la información limitada que proporcionan los informes a nivel del evento de la API de Attribution Reporting. Esto se limita a 3 datos de conversión para los clics y a 1 para las vistas. No se incluyen datos de conversiones específicos y detallados (como precios específicos de los artículos y marcas de tiempo).

Plataforma de administración de datos (DMP)

A data management platform is software used to collect and manage data relevant for advertisers. These platforms help advertisers and publishers identify audience segments, which can then be used for campaign targeting.

Learn more about DMPs.

Plataforma orientada a la demanda (DSP)

A demand-side platform is an ad tech service used to automate ad purchasing. DSPs are used by advertisers to buy ad impressions across a range of publisher sites.

Privacidad diferencial

La privacidad diferencial se refiere a técnicas que permiten compartir información sobre un conjunto de datos para revelar patrones de comportamiento sin revelar información privada sobre individuos o si pertenecen al conjunto de datos.

Dominio

Dominio. Consulta Dominio de nivel superior y eTLD.

Entropía

En el dominio de la privacidad, la entropía es una medida de cuánto revela un elemento de datos para revelar la identidad individual.

La entropía de datos se mide en bits. Cuanto más revelan la identidad los datos, mayor es su valor de entropía.

Los datos se pueden combinar para identificar a un individuo, pero puede ser difícil determinar si los datos nuevos contribuyen a la entropía. Por ejemplo, saber que una persona es de Australia no reduce la entropía si ya sabes que es de la Isla Canguro.

Epoch

In the Topics API, an epoch is the period of time during which the browser infers topics for a user based on their browsing activity. It is currently set to one week.

eTLD, eTLD+1

Los eTLD son dominios de nivel superior (TLD) eficaces que se definen según el Lista pública de sufijos.

Por ejemplo:

co.uk 
github.io 
glitch.me

Los TLD eficaces permiten que foo.appspot.com sea un sitio diferente de bar.appspot.com En este caso, el eTLD es appspot.com y todo (foo.appspot.com, bar.appspot.com) se conoce como eTLD+1.

Consulta también Dominio de nivel superior.

Informe a nivel del evento

Event-level reports associate a particular ad click or view (on the ad side) with data on the conversion side. To preserve user privacy by limiting the joining of user identity across sites, conversion-side data is very limited, and the data is noisy.

API de Federated Credential Management (FedCM)

Federated Credential Management API is a proposal for a privacy-preserving approach to federated identity services. This will allow users to log into sites without sharing their personal information with the identity service or the site.

FedCM was previously known as WebID, and is still in development in the W3C.

Identidad federada (acceso federado)

La identidad federada es una plataforma de terceros que permite que un usuario acceda a un sitio web sin necesidad de que el sitio implemente su propio servicio de identidad.

Marco vallado

A (<fencedframe>) is a proposed HTML element for embedded content, similar to an iframe. Unlike iframes, a fenced frame restricts communication with its embedding context to allow the frame access to cross-site data without sharing it with the embedding context.

Some Privacy Sandbox APIs may require select documents to render within a fenced frame. Learn more about the Fenced Frames proposal.

Creación de huellas digitales

La creación de huellas digitales abarca técnicas para identificar y hacer un seguimiento del comportamiento de usuarios individuales.

El fingerprinting usa mecanismos que los usuarios no conocen y no pueden controlar.

Superficie de creación de huellas digitales

A fingerprinting surface is something that can be used (probably in combination with other surfaces) to identify a particular user or device.

For example, the navigator.userAgent() JavaScript method and the User-Agent HTTP request header provide access to a fingerprinting surface (the User-Agent string).

Propia

First party refers to resources from the site you're visiting.

For example, the page you're reading is on the site developer.chrome.com and includes resources requested from this site. Requests for those first-party resources are called 'first-party requests'. Cookies from developer.chrome.com stored while you're on this site are called first-party cookies.

See also Third-party.

Cookie propia

A first-party cookie is a cookie stored by a website while a user is on the site itself.

For example, an online store might ask a browser to store a cookie in order to retain shopping cart details for a user who is not logged in. See also Third-party cookies.

I2E

Intent to Experiment (I2E) is the announcement of a plan to make a new Blink feature available to users for testing, typically through an origin trial.

I2EE

Intent to Extend Experiment (I2EE) is an announcement of a plan to extend the duration of an origin trial.

I2P

Intent to Prototype (I2P) is the first stage in developing a new feature in Blink. The announcement is posted to the blink-dev mailing list with a link to the proposal for discussion.

I2S

Intent to Ship (I2S) es un anuncio de un plan para poner a disposición de los usuarios una nueva función de Blink en versiones estables de Chrome.

Impresión

Impression could refer to either:

• View of an ad. See also click-through rate.
• An ad slot: the HTML markup (usually <div> tags) on a web page where an ad can be displayed. Ad slots constitute inventory.

Publicidad basada en intereses (IBA)

Interest-based advertising (IBA) is a form of personalized advertising in which an ad is selected for a user based on their interests, inferred from the user's activity: the sites they've recently visited on the web, or the apps they used on Android. This is different from contextual advertising, which aims to match ads to the content the user is viewing.

Grupo de interés

In the Protected Audience API, formerly FLEDGE, an interest group represents a group of people with a common interest, corresponding to a remarketing list.

Every interest group has an owner. Different types of owners will create different types of interest groups with different use cases.

Inventario

Inventory is the ad slots available on a site. Ad slots are the HTML markup (usually <div> tags) where ads can be displayed.

k‑anonimato

K-anonymity is the measure of anonymity within a data set. If you have k anonymity, you can't be distinguished from k-1 other individuals in the data set. In other words, k individuals have the same information (including you).

Ruido y escalamiento

Statistical noise that is added to summary reports during the aggregation process to preserve privacy and ensure the final reports provide anonymized measurement information.

Read more about additive noise mechanism, which is drawn from Laplace distribution.

Nonce

A nonce is an arbitrary number used only once in cryptographic communication.

Origen

An origin is defined by the scheme (protocol), hostname (domain), and port of the URL used to access it.

For example: https://developer.chrome.com

Prueba de origen

Origin trials are trials that provide access to a new or experimental feature, to make it possible to build functions that users can try out for a limited time before the feature is made available to everyone.

When Chrome offers an origin trial for a feature, an origin can be registered for the trial to allow the feature for all users on that origin, without requiring users to toggle flags or switch to an alternative build of Chrome (though they may need to upgrade). Origin trials allow developers to build demos and prototypes using new features. The trials help Chrome engineers understand how new features are used, and how they may interact with other web technologies.

Find out more: Getting started with Chrome's origin trials.

Superficie pasiva

Passive surfaces are fingerprinting surfaces—such as User-Agent strings, IP addresses, and Accept-Language headers—that are available to every website, whether the site asks for them or not.

Passive surfaces can easily consume a site's privacy budget.

The Privacy Sandbox initiative proposes replacing passive surfaces with active ways to get specific information, for example using Client Hints a single time to get the user's language rather than having an Accept-Language header for every response to every server.

API de Protected Audience

The Protected Audience API is the new name for the FLEDGE API.

Editor

En el contexto de Privacy Sandbox, un publicador es un sitio con espacio publicitario que se paga para mostrar anuncios.

Alcance

El alcance representa la cantidad total de personas que ven un anuncio o que visitan una página web que muestra el anuncio.

Ofertas en tiempo real (RTB)

Real-time bidding refers to an automated auction for buying and selling ad impressions on websites, completed during page load.

Remarketing

El remarketing es la práctica de mostrar anuncios a personas que ya han visitado su sitio en otros sitios.

Por ejemplo, una tienda en línea podría mostrar anuncios de una venta de juguetes a las personas que vieron anteriormente juguetes en su sitio.

Origen de los informes

The entity that receives aggregatable reports—in other words, you or an ad tech that called the Attribution Reporting API. Aggregatable reports are sent from user devices to a well-known URL associated with the reporting origin. The reporting origin is designated during enrollment.

Factor de escala

En el contexto de la API de Attribution Reporting, el factor de escala hace referencia a una cantidad por la cual eliges multiplicar un valor agregable. El escalamiento afecta el efecto del ruido y tu presupuesto de contribución.

Vendedor

Un vendedor es la parte que ejecuta una subasta de anuncios, que probablemente sea una SSP o tal vez el propio publicador.

ID compartido

A computed value that consists of shared_info, reporting_origin, destination_site (for Attribution Reporting API only), source_registration-time (for Attribution Reporting API only), scheduled_report_time, and version.

Multiple reports that share the same attributes in the shared_info field should have the same shared ID. Shared IDs play an important role within Aggregatable Report Accounting.

Read more about Trusted Servers.

Sitio

Un sitio equivale a un eTLD+1 junto con un esquema (protocolo).

Consulta también Dominio de nivel superior.

Particionamiento de almacenamiento

Storage partitioning is a mechanism in Chrome to prevent certain types of side-channel cross-site tracking, Chrome is partitioning storage and communications APIs in third-party contexts.

Storage partitioning prevents a site from joining data across different sites to track the user across the web.

Informe de resumen

An Attribution Reporting API and Private Aggregation API report type. A summary report includes aggregated user data, and can contain detailed conversion data with noise added. Summary reports are made up of aggregate reports. They allow for greater flexibility and provide a richer data model than event-level reporting, particularly for some use-cases like conversion values.

Plataforma de proveedores, plataforma orientada a la venta

A supply-side platform is an ad tech service used to automate selling ad inventory. SSPs allow publishers to offer their inventory (empty rectangles where ads will go) to multiple ad exchanges, DSPs, and networks. This enables a wide range of potential buyers to bid for ad space.

Superficie

Superficie. Consulta Superficie de la huella digital y Superficie pasiva.

De terceros

Third party refers to resources served from a domain that's different from the website you're visiting.

For example, a website foo.com might use analytics code from google-analytics.com (via JavaScript), fonts from use.typekit.net (via a link element) and a video from vimeo.com (in an iframe). See also First-party.

Cookie de terceros

A third-party cookie is a cookie stored by a third-party service.

For example, a video website might include a Watch Later button in their embedded player to allow a user to add a video to their wishlist without forcing them to navigate to the video site.

See also First-party cookie.

Dominio de nivel superior (TLD)

Los dominios de nivel superior, como .com y .org, se enumeran en la base de datos de zonas raíz.

Consulta también eTLD y site.

Tema

Un tema es un tema de interés legible para un usuario y forma parte de la taxonomía de Topics.

Taxonomía de Topics

The Topics taxonomy is a public, human-curated, human-readable hierarchy of categories that the Topics API uses to represent users' interests.

Entorno de ejecución confiable (TEE)

A secure configuration of computer hardware and software that allows external parties to verify the exact versions of software running on the machine without fear of exposure. TEEs allow external parties to verify that the software does exactly what the software manufacturer claims it does—nothing more or less.

To learn more about TEEs used for the Privacy Sandbox proposals, read the Protected Audience API services explainer and the Aggregation Service explainer.

Sugerencias de clientes de usuario-agente (UA-CH)

User-agent client hints provide specific pieces of the User-Agent string on explicit request. This helps reduce passive surfaces in the User-Agent string which may lead to user identification or covert tracking.

UA-CH is sometimes referred to as "Client Hints."

Cadena de usuario-agente

A user-agent string is an HTTP header used by servers and network peers to request identifying information about an application, operating system, vendor, or version of a user agent. The User-Agent string broadcasts a large string of data, which is problematic for user privacy. User-Agent reduction is proposed to remove sensitive information and reduce passive fingerprinting.

.well-known

.well-known is a file used to add redirects to a website from standardized URLs.

For example, password managers can make it easier for users to update passwords if a website sets a redirect from /.well-known/change-password to the change password page of the site.

In addition, it can be useful to access policy or other information about a host before making a request. For example, robots.txt tells web crawlers which pages to visit and which pages to ignore. IETF RFC8615 outlines a standardized way to make site-wide metadata accessible in standard locations in a /.well-known/ subdirectory.

See a list of recommendations for .well-known at iana.org/assignments/well-known-uris/well-known-uris.xhtml.

Worklet

A worklet allows you to run specific JavaScript functions and return information back to the requester. Within a worklet, you can execute JavaScript but you cannot interact or communicate with the outside page.

Worklets are used to store and extract data with the Shared Storage API.