Os artigos e a documentação do Sandbox de privacidade pressupõem o conhecimento de conceitos de privacidade, publicidade e desenvolvimento da Web. Este glossário explica os principais termos relacionados ao Sandbox de privacidade.
Leilão de anúncios (API Protected Audience)
In the Protected Audience API, an ad auction is run by a seller (likely to be an SSP or maybe the publisher itself), in JavaScript code in the browser on the user's device, to sell ad space on a site that displays ads.
Criativo do anúncio, criativo
Ad creative refers to the contents of the ad served to users. Creatives can be images, videos, audio, and other formats. Creatives live within an ad space, and are served by ad tech within line items.
Ad Exchange
Uma troca de anúncios é uma plataforma para automatizar a compra e a venda de inventário de anúncios de várias redes de publicidade.
Inventário de anúncios, espaço publicitário
Ad inventory space is the space or spaces for ads that are available from a site that sells ad space.
Plataforma de publicidade (adtech)
Uma plataforma de publicidade é uma empresa que presta serviços para veicular anúncios.
Advertiser
Um anunciante é uma empresa que paga para anunciar produtos.
Contabilização de relatórios agregáveis
A distributed ledger, located in both coordinators, that tracks the allocated privacy budget and enforces the 'No Duplicates' rule. This is the privacy preserving mechanism, located and run within coordinators, that ensures no reports pass through the Aggregation Service beyond the allocated privacy budget.
Read more on how batching strategies relate to aggregatable reports.
Orçamento de contabilidade de relatórios agregáveis
References to the budget that ensures individual reports are not processed more than once.
Relatórios agregáveis
Aggregatable reports are encrypted reports sent from individual user devices. These reports contain data about cross-site user behavior and conversions. Conversions (sometimes called attribution trigger events) and associated metrics are defined by the advertiser or ad tech. Each report is encrypted to prevent various parties from accessing the underlying data.
Learn more about aggregatable reports.
Serviço de agregação
Um serviço operado por adtech que processa relatórios agregáveis para criar um relatório de resumo.
Leia mais sobre o histórico do serviço de agregação em nosso texto explicativo e na lista completa de termos.
Chamador de API
An API caller is an entity, such as an app, a third-party SDK, or a website, that makes a request to the Topics API to access a user's interests.
Declaração
A mechanism to authenticate software identity, usually with cryptographic hashes or signatures. For the aggregation service proposal, attestation matches the code running in your ad tech-operated aggregation service with the open source code.
Atribuição
Attribution refers to the identification of user actions that contribute to an outcome.
For example, a correlation of ad clicks or views with conversions.
Blink
Blink is the rendering engine used by Chrome, developed as part of the Chromium project.
Negociante
A buyer is a party bidding for ad space in an ad auction, likely to be a DSP, or maybe the advertiser itself. Ad space buyers own and manage interest groups.
Publishers make ad inventory available through marketplaces called ad exchanges, and buyers compete in real time through a DSP for the opportunity to place their advertisement.
Learn about ad space buyers in the Protected Audience API.
Chromium
O Chromium é um projeto de navegador da Web de código aberto. O Chrome, o Microsoft Edge, o Opera e outros navegadores são baseados no Chromium.
Conversão de clique (CTC)
A click-through conversion is a conversion attributed to an ad that was clicked.
Taxa de cliques (CTR)
A taxa de cliques é a proporção de usuários que clicaram em um anúncio e o viram.
Veja também impressão.
Vinculação de contribuição
Aggregatable reports may contain an arbitrary number of counter increments. For
example, a report may contain a count of products that a user has viewed on an
advertiser's site. The sum of increments in all aggregatable reports related to
a single source event must not exceed a given limit, such as L1=2^16 (65,536).
Learn more in the aggregatable reports explainer.
Conversão
A conversion is the completion of some desired goal following action by a user.
For example, a conversion may occur with the purchase of a product or sign-up for a newsletter after clicking an ad that links to the advertiser's site.
Cookie
Um cookie é um pequeno conjunto de dados textuais que os sites podem armazenar no navegador de um usuário. Um site pode usar cookies para salvar informações associadas a um usuário (ou uma referência a dados armazenados nos servidores de back-end do site) à medida que o usuário navega pela Web.
Por exemplo, uma loja on-line pode reter os detalhes do carrinho de compras mesmo que um usuário não esteja conectado, ou o site pode registrar a atividade de navegação do usuário no site. Consulte Cookie primário e Cookie de terceiros.
Coordenador
Entities responsible for key management and aggregatable report accounting. A Coordinator maintains a list of hashes of approved aggregation service configurations and configures access to decryption keys.
Dados gerais
Os dados aproximados são informações limitadas fornecidas pelos relatórios de evento da API Attribution Reporting. Isso é limitado a três dados de conversão para cliques e um para visualizações. Dados de conversão específicos e granulares (como preços específicos de itens) e carimbos de data/hora) não são incluídos.
Plataforma de gerenciamento de dados (DMP, na sigla em inglês)
A data management platform is software used to collect and manage data relevant for advertisers. These platforms help advertisers and publishers identify audience segments, which can then be used for campaign targeting.
Learn more about DMPs.
Plataforma de demanda (DSP)
Uma plataforma de demanda é um serviço de adtech usado para automatizar a compra de anúncios. As DSPs são usadas pelos anunciantes para comprar impressões de anúncios em uma variedade de sites de editores.
Privacidade diferencial
Differential privacy refers to techniques to allow sharing of information about a dataset to reveal patterns of behaviour without revealing private information about individuals or whether they belong to the dataset.
Domínio
Domínio. Consulte Domínio de nível superior e eTLD.
Entropia
Entropy, in the privacy domain, is a measure of how much an item of data reveals individual identity.
Data entropy is measured in bits. The more that data reveals identity, the higher its entropy value.
Data can be combined to identify an individual, but it can be difficult to work out whether new data adds to entropy. For example, knowing a person is from Australia doesn't reduce entropy if you already know the person is from Kangaroo Island.
Período
In the Topics API, an epoch is the period of time during which the browser infers topics for a user based on their browsing activity. It is currently set to one week.
eTLD, eTLD+1
eTLDs são domínios de nível superior efetivos (TLD), que são definidos pelo Lista de sufixos públicos.
Exemplo:
co.uk
github.io
glitch.me
TLDs efetivos são o que permite que foo.appspot.com seja um site diferente de
bar.appspot.com. Nesse caso, o eTLD é appspot.com, e toda a
nome do site (foo.appspot.com, bar.appspot.com) é conhecido como eTLD+1.
Consulte também Domínio de nível superior.
Relatório no nível do evento
Event-level reports associate a particular ad click or view (on the ad side) with data on the conversion side. To preserve user privacy by limiting the joining of user identity across sites, conversion-side data is very limited, and the data is noisy.
API Federated Credential Management (FedCM)
Federated Credential Management API is a proposal for a privacy-preserving approach to federated identity services. This will allow users to log into sites without sharing their personal information with the identity service or the site.
FedCM was previously known as WebID, and is still in development in the W3C.
Identidade federada (login federado)
A identidade federada é uma plataforma de terceiros que permite que um usuário faça login em um site, sem exigir que o site implemente o próprio serviço de identidade.
Frame isolado
A (<fencedframe>) is a proposed HTML element for embedded content, similar to
an iframe. Unlike
iframes, a fenced frame restricts communication with its embedding context to
allow the frame access to cross-site data without sharing it with the embedding
context.
Some Privacy Sandbox APIs may require select documents to render within a fenced frame. Learn more about the Fenced Frames proposal.
Técnicas de impressão digital
A impressão digital engloba técnicas para identificar e rastrear o comportamento de usuários individuais.
O fingerprinting usa mecanismos que os usuários não conhecem e não podem controlar.
Superfície de impressão digital
A fingerprinting surface is something that can be used (probably in combination with other surfaces) to identify a particular user or device.
For example, the navigator.userAgent() JavaScript method and the User-Agent
HTTP request header provide access to a fingerprinting surface (the User-Agent
string).
Integração própria
"Próprio" se refere a recursos do site que você está visitando.
Por exemplo, a página que você está lendo está no site developer.chrome.com e
inclui os recursos solicitados desse site. As solicitações desses recursos são chamadas de "solicitações". Os cookies de
developer.chrome.com armazenados enquanto você está neste site são chamados de
cookies primários.
Consulte também Terceiros.
Cookie primário
A first-party cookie is a cookie stored by a website while a user is on the site itself.
For example, an online store might ask a browser to store a cookie in order to retain shopping cart details for a user who is not logged in. See also Third-party cookies.
I2E
Intent to Experiment (I2E) is the announcement of a plan to make a new Blink feature available to users for testing, typically through an origin trial.
I2EE
Intent to Extend Experiment (I2EE) is an announcement of a plan to extend the duration of an origin trial.
I2P
Intent to Prototype (I2P) is the first stage in developing a new feature in Blink. The announcement is posted to the blink-dev mailing list with a link to the proposal for discussion.
I2S
Intent to Ship (I2S) é um anúncio de um plano para disponibilizar um novo recurso do Blink para usuários em versões estáveis do Chrome.
Impressão
Impression could refer to either:
- View of an ad. See also click-through rate.
- An ad slot: the HTML markup (usually
<div>tags) on a web page where an ad can be displayed. Ad slots constitute inventory.
Publicidade com base em interesses (IBA)
Interest-based advertising (IBA) is a form of personalized advertising in which an ad is selected for a user based on their interests, inferred from the user's activity: the sites they've recently visited on the web, or the apps they used on Android. This is different from contextual advertising, which aims to match ads to the content the user is viewing.
Grupo de interesse
In the Protected Audience API, formerly FLEDGE, an interest group represents a group of people with a common interest, corresponding to a remarketing list.
Every interest group has an owner. Different types of owners will create different types of interest groups with different use cases.
Inventário
Inventory is the ad slots available on a site. Ad slots are the HTML markup (usually <div>
tags) where ads can be displayed.
k-anonimato
K-anonymity is the measure of anonymity within a data set. If you have k anonymity, you can't be distinguished from k-1 other individuals in the data set. In other words, k individuals have the same information (including you).
Ruído e escalonamento
Statistical noise that is added to summary reports during the aggregation process to preserve privacy and ensure the final reports provide anonymized measurement information.
Read more about additive noise mechanism, which is drawn from Laplace distribution.
Valor de uso único
Um valor de uso único é um número arbitrário usado apenas uma vez em comunicação criptográfica.
Origem
An origin is defined by the scheme (protocol), hostname (domain), and port of the URL used to access it.
For example: https://developer.chrome.com
Teste de origem
Origin trials are trials that provide access to a new or experimental feature, to make it possible to build functions that users can try out for a limited time before the feature is made available to everyone.
When Chrome offers an origin trial for a feature, an origin can be registered for the trial to allow the feature for all users on that origin, without requiring users to toggle flags or switch to an alternative build of Chrome (though they may need to upgrade). Origin trials allow developers to build demos and prototypes using new features. The trials help Chrome engineers understand how new features are used, and how they may interact with other web technologies.
Find out more: Getting started with Chrome's origin trials.
Superfície passiva
Passive surfaces are fingerprinting surfaces—such as User-Agent strings, IP addresses, and Accept-Language headers—that are available to every website, whether the site asks for them or not.
Passive surfaces can easily consume a site's privacy budget.
The Privacy Sandbox initiative proposes replacing passive surfaces with active ways to get specific information, for example using Client Hints a single time to get the user's language rather than having an Accept-Language header for every response to every server.
API Protected Audience
A API Protected Audience é o novo nome da API FLEDGE.
Editor
In the Privacy Sandbox context, a publisher is a site with ad space that is paid to display ads.
Alcance
O alcance representa o número total de pessoas que veem um anúncio ou que visitam uma página da Web que exibe o anúncio.
Lances em tempo real (RTB)
Os lances em tempo real se referem a um leilão automatizado para compra e venda de impressões de anúncios em sites, que é concluído durante o carregamento da página.
Remarketing
Remarketing is the practice of advertising to people who've already visited your site on other sites.
For example, an online store could show ads for a toy sale to people who previously viewed toys on their site.
Origem do relatório
The entity that receives aggregatable reports—in other words, you or an ad tech that called the Attribution Reporting API. Aggregatable reports are sent from user devices to a well-known URL associated with the reporting origin. The reporting origin is designated during enrollment.
Fator de dimensionamento
O fator de escalonamento, no contexto da API Attribution Reporting, se refere a um valor que você opta por multiplicar por um valor agregável. O escalonamento afeta o efeito do ruído e a sua contribuição ao orçamento.
Vendedor
O vendedor é quem faz um leilão de anúncios, provavelmente é uma SSP ou talvez o próprio editor.
ID compartilhado
Um valor computado que consiste em shared_info, reporting_origin,
destination_site (somente para a API Attribution Reporting),
source_registration-time (somente para a API Attribution Reporting),
scheduled_report_time e versão.
Vários relatórios que compartilham os mesmos atributos no campo shared_info precisam ter o mesmo ID compartilhado. Os IDs compartilhados desempenham um papel importante na
contabilização de relatórios agregáveis.
Saiba mais sobre servidores confiáveis.
Site
Um site equivale a um eTLD+1 com um esquema (protocolo).
Consulte também Domínio de nível superior.
Particionamento de armazenamento
Storage partitioning is a mechanism in Chrome to prevent certain types of side-channel cross-site tracking, Chrome is partitioning storage and communications APIs in third-party contexts.
Storage partitioning prevents a site from joining data across different sites to track the user across the web.
Relatório do resumo
An Attribution Reporting API and Private Aggregation API report type. A summary report includes aggregated user data, and can contain detailed conversion data with noise added. Summary reports are made up of aggregate reports. They allow for greater flexibility and provide a richer data model than event-level reporting, particularly for some use-cases like conversion values.
Plataforma de fornecimento, plataforma de venda
A supply-side platform is an ad tech service used to automate selling ad inventory. SSPs allow publishers to offer their inventory (empty rectangles where ads will go) to multiple ad exchanges, DSPs, and networks. This enables a wide range of potential buyers to bid for ad space.
Superfície
Surface. See Fingerprinting surface and Passive surface.
Terceiros
Third party refers to resources served from a domain that's different from the website you're visiting.
For example, a website foo.com might use analytics code from
google-analytics.com (via JavaScript), fonts from
use.typekit.net (via a link element) and a video from vimeo.com (in an
iframe). See also First-party.
Cookie de terceiros
Um cookie de terceiros é um cookie armazenado por um serviço terceirizado.
Por exemplo, um site de vídeos pode incluir um botão Assistir mais tarde no player incorporado para permitir que o usuário adicione um vídeo à lista de desejos sem forçá-lo a navegar até o site do vídeo.
Consulte também Cookie primário.
Domínio de nível superior (TLD)
Top-level domains such as .com and .org are listed in the Root Zone Database.
Tópico
A topic is a human-readable topic of interest of a user and is part of the Topics taxonomy.
Taxonomia de tópicos
The Topics taxonomy is a public, human-curated, human-readable hierarchy of categories that the Topics API uses to represent users' interests.
Ambiente de execução confiável (TEE)
Uma configuração segura de hardware e software de computador que permite que partes externas verifiquem as versões exatas do software em execução na máquina sem medo de exposição. Os TEEs permitem que terceiros verifiquem se o software faz exatamente o que o fabricante afirma.
Para saber mais sobre os TEEs usados para as propostas do Sandbox de privacidade, leia a explicação dos serviços da API Protected Audience e a explicação do serviço de agregação.
Dicas de cliente HTTP do user agent (UA-CH)
Dicas de cliente do user agent fornecem partes específicas da string do user agent em uma solicitação explícita. Isso ajuda a reduzir as superfícies passivas na string do user agent que podem levar à identificação do usuário ou ao rastreamento oculto.
O UA-CH também é chamado de "Dicas de cliente".
String do user agent
A user-agent string is an HTTP header used by servers and network peers to request identifying information about an application, operating system, vendor, or version of a user agent. The User-Agent string broadcasts a large string of data, which is problematic for user privacy. User-Agent reduction is proposed to remove sensitive information and reduce passive fingerprinting.
.well-known
.well-known is a file used to add redirects to a website from standardized URLs.
For example, password managers can make it easier for users to update passwords
if a website sets a redirect from /.well-known/change-password to the change
password page of the site.
In addition, it can be useful to access policy or other information about a
host before making a request. For example, robots.txt tells web crawlers
which pages to visit and which pages to ignore. IETF
RFC8615 outlines a standardized way
to make site-wide metadata accessible in standard locations in a /.well-known/ subdirectory.
See a list of recommendations for .well-known at
iana.org/assignments/well-known-uris/well-known-uris.xhtml.
Worklet
A worklet allows you to run specific JavaScript functions and return information back to the requester. Within a worklet, you can execute JavaScript but you cannot interact or communicate with the outside page.
Worklets are used to store and extract data with the Shared Storage API.