Los artículos y la documentación de Privacy Sandbox suponen un conocimiento de los conceptos de privacidad, publicidad y desarrollo web. En este glosario, se explican los términos clave relacionados con Privacy Sandbox.
Subasta de anuncios (API de Protected Audience)
In the Protected Audience API, an ad auction is run by a seller (likely to be an SSP or maybe the publisher itself), in JavaScript code in the browser on the user's device, to sell ad space on a site that displays ads.
Creatividad del anuncio
Ad creative refers to the contents of the ad served to users. Creatives can be images, videos, audio, and other formats. Creatives live within an ad space, and are served by ad tech within line items.
Ad Exchange
An ad exchange is a platform to automate buying and selling of ad inventory from multiple ad networks.
Inventario de anuncios, espacio publicitario
Ad inventory space is the space or spaces for ads that are available from a site that sells ad space.
Plataforma de anuncios (tecnología publicitaria)
An ad platform is a company that provides services to deliver ads.
Advertiser
An advertiser is a company that pays to advertise its products.
Contabilidad de informes agregables
A distributed ledger, located in both coordinators, that tracks the allocated privacy budget and enforces the 'No Duplicates' rule. This is the privacy preserving mechanism, located and run within coordinators, that ensures no reports pass through the Aggregation Service beyond the allocated privacy budget.
Read more on how batching strategies relate to aggregatable reports.
Presupuesto de la contabilidad de informes agregables
References to the budget that ensures individual reports are not processed more than once.
Informes agregables
Aggregatable reports are encrypted reports sent from individual user devices. These reports contain data about cross-site user behavior and conversions. Conversions (sometimes called attribution trigger events) and associated metrics are defined by the advertiser or ad tech. Each report is encrypted to prevent various parties from accessing the underlying data.
Learn more about aggregatable reports.
Servicio de agregación
An ad tech-operated service that processes aggregatable reports to create a summary report.
Read more about the Aggregation Service backstory in our explainer and the full terms list.
Llamador de la API
An API caller is an entity, such as an app, a third-party SDK, or a website, that makes a request to the Topics API to access a user's interests.
Certificación
A mechanism to authenticate software identity, usually with cryptographic hashes or signatures. For the aggregation service proposal, attestation matches the code running in your ad tech-operated aggregation service with the open source code.
Atribución
Attribution refers to the identification of user actions that contribute to an outcome.
For example, a correlation of ad clicks or views with conversions.
Blink
Blink es el motor de procesamiento que usa Chrome, desarrollado como parte del proyecto de Chromium.
Comprador
A buyer is a party bidding for ad space in an ad auction, likely to be a DSP, or maybe the advertiser itself. Ad space buyers own and manage interest groups.
Publishers make ad inventory available through marketplaces called ad exchanges, and buyers compete in real time through a DSP for the opportunity to place their advertisement.
Learn about ad space buyers in the Protected Audience API.
Chromium
Chromium is an open-source web browser project. Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Opera and other browsers are based on Chromium.
Conversión posclic (CTC)
A click-through conversion is a conversion attributed to an ad that was clicked.
Tasa de clics (CTR)
La tasa de clics es la proporción de usuarios que hacen clic en un anuncio después de verlo.
Consulta también impresión.
Vinculación de contribuciones
Aggregatable reports may contain an arbitrary number of counter increments. For
example, a report may contain a count of products that a user has viewed on an
advertiser's site. The sum of increments in all aggregatable reports related to
a single source event must not exceed a given limit, such as L1=2^16 (65,536).
Learn more in the aggregatable reports explainer.
Conversión
A conversion is the completion of some desired goal following action by a user.
For example, a conversion may occur with the purchase of a product or sign-up for a newsletter after clicking an ad that links to the advertiser's site.
Cookie
A cookie is a small piece of textual data that websites can store on a user's browser. Cookies can be used by a website to save information associated with a user (or a reference to data stored on the website's backend servers) as the user moves across the web.
For example, an online store can retain shopping cart details even if a user is not logged in, or the site could record the user's browsing activity on their site. See First-party cookie and Third-party cookie.
Coordinador
Entities responsible for key management and aggregatable report accounting. A Coordinator maintains a list of hashes of approved aggregation service configurations and configures access to decryption keys.
Datos generales
Coarse data refers to limited information provided by Attribution Reporting API event-level reports. This is limited to 3 pieces of conversion data for clicks and 1 piece for views. Specific, granular conversion data (such as specific prices of items and timestamps) are not included.
Plataforma de administración de datos (DMP)
A data management platform is software used to collect and manage data relevant for advertisers. These platforms help advertisers and publishers identify audience segments, which can then be used for campaign targeting.
Learn more about DMPs.
Plataforma orientada a la demanda (DSP)
A demand-side platform is an ad tech service used to automate ad purchasing. DSPs are used by advertisers to buy ad impressions across a range of publisher sites.
Privacidad diferencial
Differential privacy refers to techniques to allow sharing of information about a dataset to reveal patterns of behaviour without revealing private information about individuals or whether they belong to the dataset.
Dominio
Dominio. Consulta Dominio de nivel superior y eTLD.
Entropía
Entropy, in the privacy domain, is a measure of how much an item of data reveals individual identity.
Data entropy is measured in bits. The more that data reveals identity, the higher its entropy value.
Data can be combined to identify an individual, but it can be difficult to work out whether new data adds to entropy. For example, knowing a person is from Australia doesn't reduce entropy if you already know the person is from Kangaroo Island.
Epoch
In the Topics API, an epoch is the period of time during which the browser infers topics for a user based on their browsing activity. It is currently set to one week.
eTLD, eTLD+1
eTLDs are effective top-level domains (TLD), which are defined by the Public Suffix List.
For example:
co.uk
github.io
glitch.me
Effective TLDs are what allow foo.appspot.com to be a different site from
bar.appspot.com. The eTLD in this case is appspot.com, and the whole
site name (foo.appspot.com, bar.appspot.com) is known as the eTLD+1.
See also Top-Level Domain.
Informe a nivel del evento
Event-level reports associate a particular ad click or view (on the ad side) with data on the conversion side. To preserve user privacy by limiting the joining of user identity across sites, conversion-side data is very limited, and the data is noisy.
API de Federated Credential Management (FedCM)
La API de Federated Credential Management es una propuesta para un enfoque que preserva la privacidad de los servicios de identidad federada. Esto permitirá a los usuarios acceder a sitios sin compartir su información personal con el servicio de identidad o el sitio.
FedCM antes se conocía como WebID y todavía está en desarrollo en W3C.
Identidad federada (acceso federado)
Federated identity is a third-party platform to allow a user to sign in to a website, without requiring the site to implement their own identity service.
Marco vallado
A (<fencedframe>) is a proposed HTML element for embedded content, similar to
an iframe. Unlike
iframes, a fenced frame restricts communication with its embedding context to
allow the frame access to cross-site data without sharing it with the embedding
context.
Some Privacy Sandbox APIs may require select documents to render within a fenced frame. Learn more about the Fenced Frames proposal.
Creación de huellas digitales
Fingerprinting encompasses techniques to identify and track the behaviour of individual users.
Fingerprinting uses mechanisms that users aren't aware of and can't control.
Superficie de creación de huellas digitales
Una superficie de creación de huellas digitales es algo que se puede usar (probablemente en combinación con otras plataformas) para identificar a un usuario o dispositivo en particular.
Por ejemplo, el método navigator.userAgent() de JavaScript y el encabezado de la solicitud HTTP User-Agent proporcionan acceso a una plataforma de creación de huellas digitales (la string usuario-agente).
Propia
First party refers to resources from the site you're visiting.
For example, the page you're reading is on the site developer.chrome.com and
includes resources requested from this site. Requests for those first-party
resources are called 'first-party requests'. Cookies from
developer.chrome.com stored while you're on this site are called
first-party cookies.
See also Third-party.
Cookie propia
A first-party cookie is a cookie stored by a website while a user is on the site itself.
For example, an online store might ask a browser to store a cookie in order to retain shopping cart details for a user who is not logged in. See also Third-party cookies.
I2E
Intent to Experiment (I2E) is the announcement of a plan to make a new Blink feature available to users for testing, typically through an origin trial.
I2EE
Intent to Extend Experiment (I2EE) is an announcement of a plan to extend the duration of an origin trial.
I2P
Intent to Prototype (I2P) is the first stage in developing a new feature in Blink. The announcement is posted to the blink-dev mailing list with a link to the proposal for discussion.
I2S
Intent to Ship (I2S) is an announcement of a plan to make a new feature of Blink available to users in stable versions of Chrome.
Impresión
La impresión podría referirse a lo siguiente:
- Vista de un anuncio Consulta también la tasa de clics.
- Un espacio publicitario: El lenguaje de marcado HTML (por lo general, etiquetas
<div>) en una página web en la que se puede mostrar un anuncio Los espacios publicitarios constituyen el inventario.
Publicidad basada en intereses (IBA)
Interest-based advertising (IBA) is a form of personalized advertising in which an ad is selected for a user based on their interests, inferred from the user's activity: the sites they've recently visited on the web, or the apps they used on Android. This is different from contextual advertising, which aims to match ads to the content the user is viewing.
Grupo de interés
En la API de Protected Audience, antes FLEDGE, un grupo de intereses representa a un grupo de personas con un interés común, que corresponde a una lista de remarketing.
Cada grupo de interés tiene un propietario. Los distintos tipos de propietarios crearán diferentes tipos de grupos de intereses con diferentes casos de uso.
Inventario
El inventario corresponde a los espacios publicitarios disponibles en un sitio. Los espacios publicitarios son el lenguaje de marcado HTML (por lo general, etiquetas <div>) en el que se pueden mostrar anuncios.
k‑anonimato
K-anonymity is the measure of anonymity within a data set. If you have k anonymity, you can't be distinguished from k-1 other individuals in the data set. In other words, k individuals have the same information (including you).
Ruido y escalamiento
Statistical noise that is added to summary reports during the aggregation process to preserve privacy and ensure the final reports provide anonymized measurement information.
Read more about additive noise mechanism, which is drawn from Laplace distribution.
Nonce
A nonce is an arbitrary number used only once in cryptographic communication.
Origen
El origen se define según el esquema (protocolo), el nombre de host (dominio) y el puerto de la URL que se usa para acceder a él.
Por ejemplo: https://developer.chrome.com
Prueba de origen
Las pruebas de origen son pruebas que proporcionan acceso a una función nueva o experimental para permitir la compilación de funciones que los usuarios pueden probar por un tiempo limitado antes de que estén disponibles para todos.
Cuando Chrome ofrece una prueba de origen para una función, se puede registrar un origen para la prueba a fin de permitir la función a todos los usuarios de ese origen, sin necesidad de que los usuarios activen las marcas o cambien a una compilación alternativa de Chrome (aunque es posible que deban actualizarla). Las pruebas de origen permiten a los desarrolladores compilar demostraciones y prototipos con funciones nuevas. Las pruebas ayudan a los ingenieros de Chrome a comprender cómo se usan las funciones nuevas y cómo estas pueden interactuar con otras tecnologías web.
Obtén más información en el artículo Cómo comenzar con las pruebas de origen de Chrome.
Superficie pasiva
Passive surfaces are fingerprinting surfaces—such as User-Agent strings, IP addresses, and Accept-Language headers—that are available to every website, whether the site asks for them or not.
Passive surfaces can easily consume a site's privacy budget.
The Privacy Sandbox initiative proposes replacing passive surfaces with active ways to get specific information, for example using Client Hints a single time to get the user's language rather than having an Accept-Language header for every response to every server.
API de Protected Audience
The Protected Audience API is the new name for the FLEDGE API.
Editor
En el contexto de Privacy Sandbox, un publicador es un sitio con espacio publicitario que se paga para mostrar anuncios.
Alcance
El alcance representa la cantidad total de personas que ven un anuncio o que visitan una página web que muestra el anuncio.
Ofertas en tiempo real (RTB)
Real-time bidding refers to an automated auction for buying and selling ad impressions on websites, completed during page load.
Remarketing
Remarketing is the practice of advertising to people who've already visited your site on other sites.
For example, an online store could show ads for a toy sale to people who previously viewed toys on their site.
Origen de los informes
The entity that receives aggregatable reports—in other words, you or an ad tech that called the Attribution Reporting API. Aggregatable reports are sent from user devices to a well-known URL associated with the reporting origin. The reporting origin is designated during enrollment.
Factor de escala
Scaling factor, in the context of the Attribution Reporting API, refers an amount by which you choose to multiply an aggregatable value. Scaling impacts the effect of noise and your contribution budget.
Vendedor
A seller is the party running an ad auction, likely to be an SSP or maybe the publisher itself.
ID compartido
A computed value that consists of shared_info, reporting_origin,
destination_site (for Attribution Reporting API only),
source_registration-time (for Attribution Reporting API only),
scheduled_report_time, and version.
Multiple reports that share the same attributes in the shared_info
field should have the same shared ID. Shared IDs play an important role within
Aggregatable Report Accounting.
Read more about Trusted Servers.
Sitio
A site is equivalent to an eTLD+1 along with a scheme (protocol).
See also Top-Level Domain.
Particionamiento de almacenamiento
Storage partitioning is a mechanism in Chrome to prevent certain types of side-channel cross-site tracking, Chrome is partitioning storage and communications APIs in third-party contexts.
Storage partitioning prevents a site from joining data across different sites to track the user across the web.
Informe de resumen
An Attribution Reporting API and Private Aggregation API report type. A summary report includes aggregated user data, and can contain detailed conversion data with noise added. Summary reports are made up of aggregate reports. They allow for greater flexibility and provide a richer data model than event-level reporting, particularly for some use-cases like conversion values.
Plataforma de proveedores, plataforma orientada a la venta
A supply-side platform is an ad tech service used to automate selling ad inventory. SSPs allow publishers to offer their inventory (empty rectangles where ads will go) to multiple ad exchanges, DSPs, and networks. This enables a wide range of potential buyers to bid for ad space.
Superficie
Superficie. Consulta Superficie de la huella digital y Superficie pasiva.
De terceros
“Terceros” se refiere a los recursos que se entregan desde un dominio que es diferente del sitio web que estás visitando.
Por ejemplo, un sitio web foo.com podría usar el código de Analytics de google-analytics.com (a través de JavaScript), fuentes de use.typekit.net (a través de un elemento de vínculo) y un video de vimeo.com (en un iframe). Consulta también Propios.
Cookie de terceros
A third-party cookie is a cookie stored by a third-party service.
For example, a video website might include a Watch Later button in their embedded player to allow a user to add a video to their wishlist without forcing them to navigate to the video site.
See also First-party cookie.
Dominio de nivel superior (TLD)
Top-level domains such as .com and .org are listed in the Root Zone Database.
Tema
A topic is a human-readable topic of interest of a user and is part of the Topics taxonomy.
Taxonomía de Topics
The Topics taxonomy is a public, human-curated, human-readable hierarchy of categories that the Topics API uses to represent users' interests.
Entorno de ejecución confiable (TEE)
A secure configuration of computer hardware and software that allows external parties to verify the exact versions of software running on the machine without fear of exposure. TEEs allow external parties to verify that the software does exactly what the software manufacturer claims it does—nothing more or less.
To learn more about TEEs used for the Privacy Sandbox proposals, read the Protected Audience API services explainer and the Aggregation Service explainer.
Sugerencias de clientes de usuario-agente (UA-CH)
User-agent client hints provide specific pieces of the User-Agent string on explicit request. This helps reduce passive surfaces in the User-Agent string which may lead to user identification or covert tracking.
UA-CH is sometimes referred to as "Client Hints."
Cadena de usuario-agente
A user-agent string is an HTTP header used by servers and network peers to request identifying information about an application, operating system, vendor, or version of a user agent. The User-Agent string broadcasts a large string of data, which is problematic for user privacy. User-Agent reduction is proposed to remove sensitive information and reduce passive fingerprinting.
.well-known
El archivo .well-known es un archivo que se usa para agregar redireccionamientos a un sitio web desde URLs estandarizadas.
Por ejemplo, los administradores de contraseñas pueden facilitar que los usuarios actualicen las contraseñas si un sitio web establece un redireccionamiento de /.well-known/change-password a la página para cambiar la contraseña del sitio.
Además, puede ser útil acceder a la política o a otra información sobre un host antes de realizar una solicitud. Por ejemplo, robots.txt les indica a los rastreadores web qué páginas visitar y qué páginas ignorar. La IETF RFC8615 describe una forma estandarizada de hacer que los metadatos de todo el sitio sean accesibles en ubicaciones estándar en un subdirectorio /.well-known/.
Consulta una lista de recomendaciones para .well-known en iana.org/assignments/well-known-uris/well-known-uris.xhtml.
Worklet
A worklet allows you to run specific JavaScript functions and return information back to the requester. Within a worklet, you can execute JavaScript but you cannot interact or communicate with the outside page.
Worklets are used to store and extract data with the Shared Storage API.