Glossar zur Privacy Sandbox

Die Artikel und die Dokumentation zur Privacy Sandbox setzen Kenntnisse zu Datenschutz, Werbung und Webentwicklung voraus. In diesem Glossar werden wichtige Begriffe im Zusammenhang mit der Privacy Sandbox erläutert.

Anzeigenauktion (Protected Audience API)

In the Protected Audience API, an ad auction is run by a seller (likely to be an SSP or maybe the publisher itself), in JavaScript code in the browser on the user's device, to sell ad space on a site that displays ads.

Anzeigen-Creative, Creative

Ad creative refers to the contents of the ad served to users. Creatives can be images, videos, audio, and other formats. Creatives live within an ad space, and are served by ad tech within line items.

Ad Exchange

Eine Anzeigenplattform ist eine Plattform zum Automatisieren des Kaufs und Verkaufs von Anzeigeninventar aus mehreren Werbenetzwerken.

Anzeigeninventar, Werbefläche

Ad inventory space is the space or spaces for ads that are available from a site that sells ad space.

Werbeplattform (AdTech)

An ad platform is a company that provides services to deliver ads.

Advertiser

Ein Werbetreibender ist ein Unternehmen, das für die Bewerbung seiner Produkte bezahlt.

Berichtserfassung, die zusammengefasst werden kann

A distributed ledger, located in both coordinators, that tracks the allocated privacy budget and enforces the 'No Duplicates' rule. This is the privacy preserving mechanism, located and run within coordinators, that ensures no reports pass through the Aggregation Service beyond the allocated privacy budget.

Read more on how batching strategies relate to aggregatable reports.

Aggregierbares Budget für die Berichtsbuchhaltung

References to the budget that ensures individual reports are not processed more than once.

Aggregierbare Berichte

Aggregatable reports are encrypted reports sent from individual user devices. These reports contain data about cross-site user behavior and conversions. Conversions (sometimes called attribution trigger events) and associated metrics are defined by the advertiser or ad tech. Each report is encrypted to prevent various parties from accessing the underlying data.

Learn more about aggregatable reports.

Aggregationsdienst

An ad tech-operated service that processes aggregatable reports to create a summary report.

Read more about the Aggregation Service backstory in our explainer and the full terms list.

API-Caller

An API caller is an entity, such as an app, a third-party SDK, or a website, that makes a request to the Topics API to access a user's interests.

Bestätigung

A mechanism to authenticate software identity, usually with cryptographic hashes or signatures. For the aggregation service proposal, attestation matches the code running in your ad tech-operated aggregation service with the open source code.

Read more about attestation.

Attribution

Attribution bezieht sich auf die Identifizierung von Nutzungsaktionen, die zu einem Ergebnis beitragen.

beispielsweise eine Korrelation von Anzeigenklicks oder -aufrufen mit Conversions.

Blink

Blink ist die von Chrome verwendete Rendering-Engine, die im Rahmen des Chromium entwickelt wurde.

Käufer

A buyer is a party bidding for ad space in an ad auction, likely to be a DSP, or maybe the advertiser itself. Ad space buyers own and manage interest groups.

Publishers make ad inventory available through marketplaces called ad exchanges, and buyers compete in real time through a DSP for the opportunity to place their advertisement.

Learn about ad space buyers in the Protected Audience API.

Chrom

Chromium ist ein Open-Source-Projekt für Webbrowser. Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Opera und andere Browser basieren auf Chromium.

Klick-Conversion (Click-through conversion, CTC)

A click-through conversion is a conversion attributed to an ad that was clicked.

Klickrate (Click-through-Rate, CTR)

The click-through rate is the ratio of users who click on an ad, having seen it.

See also impression.

Beitragsbindung

Aggregierbare Berichte können eine beliebige Anzahl von Zählerinkrementen enthalten. Ein Bericht kann beispielsweise die Anzahl der Produkte enthalten, die sich ein Nutzer auf der Website eines Werbetreibenden angesehen hat. Die Summe der Increment-Werte in allen aggregierbaren Berichten, die sich auf ein einzelnes Quellereignis beziehen, darf ein bestimmtes Limit nicht überschreiten, z. B. L1=2^16 (65.536).

Weitere Informationen zu Berichten, die aggregiert werden können

Conversion

Eine Conversion ist der Abschluss eines gewünschten Ziels nach einer Nutzeraktion.

Eine Conversion kann beispielsweise beim Kauf eines Produkts oder der Anmeldung für einen Newsletter erfolgen, nachdem auf eine Anzeige geklickt wurde, die mit der Website des Werbetreibenden verknüpft ist.

Cookie

A cookie is a small piece of textual data that websites can store on a user's browser. Cookies can be used by a website to save information associated with a user (or a reference to data stored on the website's backend servers) as the user moves across the web.

For example, an online store can retain shopping cart details even if a user is not logged in, or the site could record the user's browsing activity on their site. See First-party cookie and Third-party cookie.

Koordinator

Entitäten, die für die Schlüsselverwaltung und die Berichtserfassung verantwortlich sind. Ein Koordinator verwaltet eine Liste von Hashes der genehmigten Aggregationsdienstkonfigurationen und konfiguriert den Zugriff auf Entschlüsselungsschlüssel.

Grobe Daten

Coarse data refers to limited information provided by Attribution Reporting API event-level reports. This is limited to 3 pieces of conversion data for clicks and 1 piece for views. Specific, granular conversion data (such as specific prices of items and timestamps) are not included.

Datenverwaltungsplattform (DMP)

A data management platform is software used to collect and manage data relevant for advertisers. These platforms help advertisers and publishers identify audience segments, which can then be used for campaign targeting.

Learn more about DMPs.

Demand-Side-Plattform (DSP)

A demand-side platform is an ad tech service used to automate ad purchasing. DSPs are used by advertisers to buy ad impressions across a range of publisher sites.

Differential Privacy

Differential privacy refers to techniques to allow sharing of information about a dataset to reveal patterns of behaviour without revealing private information about individuals or whether they belong to the dataset.

Domain

Domain. See Top-Level Domain and eTLD.

Entropie

Entropy, in the privacy domain, is a measure of how much an item of data reveals individual identity.

Data entropy is measured in bits. The more that data reveals identity, the higher its entropy value.

Data can be combined to identify an individual, but it can be difficult to work out whether new data adds to entropy. For example, knowing a person is from Australia doesn't reduce entropy if you already know the person is from Kangaroo Island.

Epoche

In the Topics API, an epoch is the period of time during which the browser infers topics for a user based on their browsing activity. It is currently set to one week.

eTLD, eTLD+1

eTLDs are effective top-level domains (TLD), which are defined by the Public Suffix List.

For example:

co.uk 
github.io 
glitch.me

Effective TLDs are what allow foo.appspot.com to be a different site from bar.appspot.com. The eTLD in this case is appspot.com, and the whole site name (foo.appspot.com, bar.appspot.com) is known as the eTLD+1.

See also Top-Level Domain.

Bericht auf Ereignisebene

Event-level reports associate a particular ad click or view (on the ad side) with data on the conversion side. To preserve user privacy by limiting the joining of user identity across sites, conversion-side data is very limited, and the data is noisy.

Federated Credential Management API (FedCM)

Federated Credential Management API is a proposal for a privacy-preserving approach to federated identity services. This will allow users to log into sites without sharing their personal information with the identity service or the site.

FedCM was previously known as WebID, and is still in development in the W3C.

Föderierte Identität (föderierte Anmeldung)

Federated identity is a third-party platform to allow a user to sign in to a website, without requiring the site to implement their own identity service.

Umzäunter Frame

A (<fencedframe>) is a proposed HTML element for embedded content, similar to an iframe. Unlike iframes, a fenced frame restricts communication with its embedding context to allow the frame access to cross-site data without sharing it with the embedding context.

Some Privacy Sandbox APIs may require select documents to render within a fenced frame. Learn more about the Fenced Frames proposal.

Fingerabdruck

Fingerprinting encompasses techniques to identify and track the behaviour of individual users.

Fingerprinting uses mechanisms that users aren't aware of and can't control.

Oberfläche für die Fingerabdruckerkennung

Eine Fingerprinting-Fläche ist etwas, das (wahrscheinlich in Kombination mit anderen Oberflächen) verwendet werden kann, um einen bestimmten Nutzer oder ein bestimmtes Gerät zu identifizieren.

Die JavaScript-Methode navigator.userAgent() und der HTTP-Anfrageheader User-Agent bieten beispielsweise Zugriff auf eine Fingerprinting-Oberfläche (den User-Agent-String).

Eigene

First party refers to resources from the site you're visiting.

For example, the page you're reading is on the site developer.chrome.com and includes resources requested from this site. Requests for those first-party resources are called 'first-party requests'. Cookies from developer.chrome.com stored while you're on this site are called first-party cookies.

See also Third-party.

Eigenes Cookie

Ein eigenes Cookie ist ein Cookie, das von einer Website gespeichert wird, während sich der Nutzer auf der eigentlichen Website befindet.

Beispiel: Ein Onlineshop fordert einen Browser auf, ein Cookie zu speichern, um die Warenkorbdetails eines nicht angemeldeten Nutzers zu speichern. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter Drittanbieter-Cookies.

I2E

„Intent to Experiment (I2E)“ ist die Ankündigung eines Plans, eine neue Blink-Funktion zu Testzwecken zur Verfügung zu stellen, in der Regel im Rahmen eines Ursprungstests.

I2EE

Intent to Extend Experiment (I2EE) is an announcement of a plan to extend the duration of an origin trial.

I2P

Intent to Prototype (I2P) is the first stage in developing a new feature in Blink. The announcement is posted to the blink-dev mailing list with a link to the proposal for discussion.

I2S

Intent to Ship (I2S) is an announcement of a plan to make a new feature of Blink available to users in stable versions of Chrome.

Impression

Impression could refer to either:

• View of an ad. See also click-through rate.
• An ad slot: the HTML markup (usually <div> tags) on a web page where an ad can be displayed. Ad slots constitute inventory.

Interessenbezogene Werbung

Interest-based advertising (IBA) is a form of personalized advertising in which an ad is selected for a user based on their interests, inferred from the user's activity: the sites they've recently visited on the web, or the apps they used on Android. This is different from contextual advertising, which aims to match ads to the content the user is viewing.

Interessengruppe

In the Protected Audience API, formerly FLEDGE, an interest group represents a group of people with a common interest, corresponding to a remarketing list.

Every interest group has an owner. Different types of owners will create different types of interest groups with different use cases.

Inventar

Inventar sind die Anzeigenflächen auf einer Site. Anzeigenflächen sind das HTML-Markup (in der Regel <div>-Tags), in dem Anzeigen eingeblendet werden können.

k-Anonymität

Die k-Anonymität ist ein Maß der Anonymität innerhalb eines Datensatzes. Bei einer k-Anonymität können Sie nicht von k-1-anderen Personen im Dataset unterschieden werden. Mit anderen Worten: k Personen haben dieselben Informationen (Sie eingeschlossen).

Rauschen und Skalierung

Statistical noise that is added to summary reports during the aggregation process to preserve privacy and ensure the final reports provide anonymized measurement information.

Read more about additive noise mechanism, which is drawn from Laplace distribution.

Nonce

Eine Nonce ist eine beliebige Zahl, die bei der kryptografischen Kommunikation nur einmal verwendet wird.

Ursprung

Ein Ursprung wird durch das Schema (Protokoll), den Hostnamen (die Domain) und den Port der URL definiert, die für den Zugriff verwendet wurde.

Beispiel: https://developer.chrome.com

Ursprungstest

Origin trials are trials that provide access to a new or experimental feature, to make it possible to build functions that users can try out for a limited time before the feature is made available to everyone.

When Chrome offers an origin trial for a feature, an origin can be registered for the trial to allow the feature for all users on that origin, without requiring users to toggle flags or switch to an alternative build of Chrome (though they may need to upgrade). Origin trials allow developers to build demos and prototypes using new features. The trials help Chrome engineers understand how new features are used, and how they may interact with other web technologies.

Find out more: Getting started with Chrome's origin trials.

Passive Oberfläche

Passive surfaces are fingerprinting surfaces—such as User-Agent strings, IP addresses, and Accept-Language headers—that are available to every website, whether the site asks for them or not.

Passive surfaces can easily consume a site's privacy budget.

The Privacy Sandbox initiative proposes replacing passive surfaces with active ways to get specific information, for example using Client Hints a single time to get the user's language rather than having an Accept-Language header for every response to every server.

Protected Audience API

The Protected Audience API is the new name for the FLEDGE API.

Publisher

In the Privacy Sandbox context, a publisher is a site with ad space that is paid to display ads.

Reichweite

Die Reichweite gibt die Gesamtzahl der Nutzer an, die eine Anzeige sehen oder eine Webseite besuchen, auf der die Anzeige zu sehen ist.

Echtzeitgebote (Real-Time Bidding, RTB)

Echtzeitgebote sind automatisierte Auktionen für den Kauf und Verkauf von Anzeigenimpressionen auf Websites, die während des Seitenaufbaus abgeschlossen werden.

Remarketing

Beim Remarketing werden Nutzer, die Ihre Website bereits auf anderen Websites besucht haben, gezielt angesprochen.

Beispielsweise können in einem Onlineshop Anzeigen für einen Spielzeugverkauf für Nutzer ausgeliefert werden, die sich zuvor Spielzeug auf seiner Website angesehen haben.

Meldequelle

The entity that receives aggregatable reports—in other words, you or an ad tech that called the Attribution Reporting API. Aggregatable reports are sent from user devices to a well-known URL associated with the reporting origin. The reporting origin is designated during enrollment.

Skalierungsfaktor

Scaling factor, in the context of the Attribution Reporting API, refers an amount by which you choose to multiply an aggregatable value. Scaling impacts the effect of noise and your contribution budget.

Verkäufer

A seller is the party running an ad auction, likely to be an SSP or maybe the publisher itself.

Gemeinsame ID

A computed value that consists of shared_info, reporting_origin, destination_site (for Attribution Reporting API only), source_registration-time (for Attribution Reporting API only), scheduled_report_time, and version.

Multiple reports that share the same attributes in the shared_info field should have the same shared ID. Shared IDs play an important role within Aggregatable Report Accounting.

Read more about Trusted Servers.

Website

A site is equivalent to an eTLD+1 along with a scheme (protocol).

See also Top-Level Domain.

Speicherpartitionierung

Storage partitioning is a mechanism in Chrome to prevent certain types of side-channel cross-site tracking, Chrome is partitioning storage and communications APIs in third-party contexts.

Storage partitioning prevents a site from joining data across different sites to track the user across the web.

Zusammenfassender Bericht

An Attribution Reporting API and Private Aggregation API report type. A summary report includes aggregated user data, and can contain detailed conversion data with noise added. Summary reports are made up of aggregate reports. They allow for greater flexibility and provide a richer data model than event-level reporting, particularly for some use-cases like conversion values.

Supply-Side-Plattform, Sell-Side-Plattform

A supply-side platform is an ad tech service used to automate selling ad inventory. SSPs allow publishers to offer their inventory (empty rectangles where ads will go) to multiple ad exchanges, DSPs, and networks. This enables a wide range of potential buyers to bid for ad space.

Plattform/Oberfläche

Surface. See Fingerprinting surface and Passive surface.

Drittanbieter

Third party refers to resources served from a domain that's different from the website you're visiting.

For example, a website foo.com might use analytics code from google-analytics.com (via JavaScript), fonts from use.typekit.net (via a link element) and a video from vimeo.com (in an iframe). See also First-party.

Drittanbieter-Cookie

A third-party cookie is a cookie stored by a third-party service.

For example, a video website might include a Watch Later button in their embedded player to allow a user to add a video to their wishlist without forcing them to navigate to the video site.

See also First-party cookie.

Top-Level-Domain (TLD)

Top-Level-Domains wie .com und .org sind in der Stammzonendatenbank aufgeführt.

Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter eTLD und site.

Thema

A topic is a human-readable topic of interest of a user and is part of the Topics taxonomy.

Thementaxonomie

The Topics taxonomy is a public, human-curated, human-readable hierarchy of categories that the Topics API uses to represent users' interests.

Vertrauenswürdige Ausführungsumgebung (Trusted Execution Environment, TEE)

A secure configuration of computer hardware and software that allows external parties to verify the exact versions of software running on the machine without fear of exposure. TEEs allow external parties to verify that the software does exactly what the software manufacturer claims it does—nothing more or less.

To learn more about TEEs used for the Privacy Sandbox proposals, read the Protected Audience API services explainer and the Aggregation Service explainer.

User-Agent-Client-Hints (UA-CH)

User-agent client hints provide specific pieces of the User-Agent string on explicit request. This helps reduce passive surfaces in the User-Agent string which may lead to user identification or covert tracking.

UA-CH is sometimes referred to as "Client Hints."

User-Agent-String

A user-agent string is an HTTP header used by servers and network peers to request identifying information about an application, operating system, vendor, or version of a user agent. The User-Agent string broadcasts a large string of data, which is problematic for user privacy. User-Agent reduction is proposed to remove sensitive information and reduce passive fingerprinting.

.well-known

.well-known is a file used to add redirects to a website from standardized URLs.

For example, password managers can make it easier for users to update passwords if a website sets a redirect from /.well-known/change-password to the change password page of the site.

In addition, it can be useful to access policy or other information about a host before making a request. For example, robots.txt tells web crawlers which pages to visit and which pages to ignore. IETF RFC8615 outlines a standardized way to make site-wide metadata accessible in standard locations in a /.well-known/ subdirectory.

See a list of recommendations for .well-known at iana.org/assignments/well-known-uris/well-known-uris.xhtml.

Worklet

A worklet allows you to run specific JavaScript functions and return information back to the requester. Within a worklet, you can execute JavaScript but you cannot interact or communicate with the outside page.

Worklets are used to store and extract data with the Shared Storage API.